Mycelium bricks and composites for sustainable construction industry: a state-of-the-art review

In today's world, depletion of virgin resources is a major issue in the construction sector. Mycelium, an innovative bio-material, can be an alternative material in the construction industry. Utilization of mycelium in the development of composites and bricks can be a better option for sustainable building industry. In the present study, mechanical properties of mycelium bricks and composites assessed by various researchers have been examined. The production methodology of mycelium has also been discussed. Substrates like Rice Bran, Coconut Husk and Saw Dust were used by various researchers to develop mycelium composites and bricks. The density of the bricks and composites was found to be increased which is attributed to the water absorption characteristics of the mycelium. Results of researchers demonstrate that mycelium bricks exhibit as good thermal insulation material. An interconnected network of filaments was observed in mycelium fibres which reduces the brittle nature of the bricks and enhances the ductile properties. Mycelium bricks were observed to have better resistance to the fire. Production of mycelium bricks in large number with less time was found to be challenging. Mixing mycelium with other products like miscanthus improves its properties and results obtained were found to be satisfactory to make it as a sustainable and non-conventional building material.