Maternal, environmental and demographic factors in hypospadias: Jordan tertiary center results

Raed Al-Taher,Munir Al-Ghazawi,Mohammad Rashdan,Marzouq Amarin, Amal AbuHasheesh, Renad Zakaria,Runa Amoudi, Tala AlDarabkeh,Saddam Aldemour

International Journal of Surgery Open（2022）

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摘要

•Many risk factors that may be associated with the development of hypospadias.•Increased BMI and age in the mid-late twenties might play a role in the etiology of hypospadias.•Caffeine intake appears to increase the risk of hypospadias in the offspring.

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