Protein interactions network of goat innate immune signaling pathway proteins and Haemonchus contortus excretory‐secretory proteins

Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) has caused a huge impact on the animal husbandry economy in the world's tropical and subtropical regions. Innate immunity is the first-line of host defence. The host recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and activates downstream signalling pathways to resist pathogens invasion. Therefore, elucidating the immune interaction between host and pathogen is key to understanding how the host resists the pathogen. We identified 1516 protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between goat innate immune signal pathway proteins and H. contortus excretory-secretory proteins (ESPs) by Recombination-based "Library vs. Library" yeast two-hybrid system (RLL-Y2H) and constructed the PPIs network. Among them, the NLR and IL-17 signalling pathways have the most protein interactions. And there were more interaction proteins between NOD1 and MUC5AC proteins in the pathways. Combined with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of susceptible and resistant goats identified in the preliminary work of our laboratory, we selected the intersection genes to construct the PPIs network, and TRAF2 appeared as a key protein of goat innate immune signalling pathway. We initially studied the PPIs between goat and H. contortus ESPs, which provides valuable information for better understanding the immune interaction between the goats and the H. contortus.