Detailed Structural Analysis of the Immunoregulatory Polysaccharides from the Mycobacterium Bovis BCG
MOLECULES(2022)
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide and nucleic acid (BCG-PSN), extracted from Mycobacterium bovis, is an immunoregulatory medicine commonly used in clinic. However, the structural characteristics and potential pharmacological efficacy of the polysaccharides from BCG-PSN remain unclear. Herein, two polysaccharides (BCG-1 and BCG-2) were purified and their structures were characterized. Monosaccharide composition analysis combined with methylation analysis and NMR data indicated that BCG-1 and BCG-2 were an alpha-D-(1 -> 4)-mannan with (1 -> 2)-linked branches, and an alpha-D-(1 -> 4)-glucan with (1 -> 6)-linked branches, respectively. Herein, the mannan from BCG-PSN was first reported. Bioactivity assays showed that BCG-1 and BCG-2 dose-dependently and potently increased the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, and IL-10), as well as their mRNA expressions in RAW264.7 cells; both have similar or stronger effects compared with BCG-PSN injection. These data suggest that BCG-1 and BCG-2 are very likely the active ingredients of BCG-PSN.
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Key words
active ingredients, polysaccharide purification, glucan, mannan, immunomodulator
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