Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery.

Since the 1980s, there have been several reports for the use of intraoperative ultrasound as a useful adjunct in spinal surgery. However, with the advent of newer cutting-edge imaging modalities, the use of intraoperative ultrasound in spine surgery has largely fallen out of favor. Despite this, intraoperative ultrasound continues to provide several advantages over other intraoperative techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography including being more cost-effective, efficient, and easy to operate and interpret. Additionally, it remains the only method for the real-time visualization of soft tissue and pathologies. This paper focuses on the advantages of using intraoperative ultrasound, especially in cases of intradural lesions and lesions ventral to the thecal sac when approaching posteriorly.