Efficacy and safety of surgery in renal carcinoma patients 75 years and older: a retrospective analysis

Objective To investigate the efficacy and complications of surgical treatment in patients with renal cell carcinoma aged ≥ 75 years. Methods From January 2009 to May 2019, we assessed 166 patients aged 75 years and older, who either had radical nephrectomy (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) as treatments for diagnosed renal cell carcinoma. Patients were divided into one group of patients aged 75–79 years and the second group of patients ≥ 80 years. The complications and survival were compared between the two groups. Results All 166 patients were successfully operated on. Differences between the two groups were statistically significant in intraoperative and postoperative complications and Clavien–Dindo score of ≥ 1 ( P = 0.02, P < 0.001, P = 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed no significant correlation between a Clavien–Dindo score ≥ 1 versus gender, body mass index (BMI), lack of symptoms, KPS, baseline GFR, postoperative GFR, tumor size, tumor location, surgical method, and transfusion or no transfusion (ALL P > 0.05). Multifactor analysis showed that age ≥ 80 years, partial nephrectomy, and operation time were independent predictors of a Clavien–Dindo score ≥ 1. No significant difference was found in OS between the two groups, ( P < 0.0001), and no significant difference in CSS ( P = 0.056). There was no significant difference in OS and CSS between the RN and PN groups ( P = 0.143, P = 0.281, respectively). Conclusions According to our findings, the overall safety of surgical therapy for elderly patients with renal cell carcinoma is adequate. PN should be carefully examined, especially over the age of 80. To select suitable patients based on an assessment of the tumor's complexity and patients' physical condition, such as age, underlying diseases and other conditions, technical feasibility, balance of benefits and a case-by-case.