A potential link between AQP3 and SLC14A1 gene expression level and clinical parameters of maintenance hemodialysis patients

Background The transport of water and urea through the erythrocyte membrane is facilitated by aquaporins such as aquaglyceroporin (AQP3), and type B urea transporters (UT-B). As they may play an important role in osmotic balance of maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients, the aim of the present study was to determine whether any relationship exists between the expression of their genes and the biochemical / clinical parameters in HD patients. Methods AQP3 and UT-B ( SLC14A1 ) gene expression was evaluated using RT-qPCR analysis in 76 HD patients and 35 participants with no kidney failure. Results The HD group demonstrated significantly higher median expression of AQP3 and UT-B (Z = 2.16; P = 0.03 and Z = 8.82; p < 0.0001, respectively) than controls. AQP3 negatively correlated with pre-dialysis urea serum concentration ( R = -0.22; P = 0.049) and sodium gradient ( R = -0.31; P = 0.04); however, no significant UT-B correlations were observed. Regarding the cause of end-stage kidney disease, AQP3 expression positively correlated with erythropoietin dosages in the chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) subgroup ( R = 0.6; P = 0.003), but negatively in the diabetic nephropathy subgroup ( R = -0.59; P = 0.004). UT-B positively correlated with inter-dialytic weight gain% in the GN subgroup ( R = 0.47; P = 0.03). Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis seems significantly modify AQP3 and UT-B expression but their link to clinical and biochemical parameters needs further large-scale evaluation.