Vestibular Autorotation Test: The Differences in Peripheral and Central Acute Vestibular Syndrome

Objective. To evaluate the difference between the vestibular autorotation test (VAT) in the peripheral and central acute vestibular syndrome (AVS). Methodology. Patients with AVS diagnosed by clinical manifestation admitted to the third affiliated hospital of Qiqihar Medical College from January 2019 to January 2021 were enrolled and divided into peripheral AVS (peripheral group) and central AVS (central group) according to the results of the MRI examination. Results. A total of 332 patients with AVS were recruited, including 282 patients in the peripheral group and 50 patients in the central group. The horizontal gain of both groups showed a downward trend at 2-6 Hz. There was no significant change in the horizontal phase between the two groups at 2-6 Hz. The horizontal gain of the two groups was stable at 2-6 Hz with no significant changes in the horizontal phase between 2-6 Hz in both groups. The central group showed a significantly lower proportion of gain increase coupled with loss and a strikingly higher proportion of gain increase without a loss than in the peripheral group (all P < 0.001). Conclusion. The increased horizontal and vertical gain of VAT in patients with AVS is of high value in the diagnosis of ACS. Significant differences in the results of VAT in patients with central and peripheral AVS could provide a reference for diagnosis.