Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing for Eternal Data Storage Advances and Challenges br
Chinese Journal of Lasers（2022）
Abstract
Significance Nowadays the using of bigdata isreshapingourlivesviaartificialintelligenceAIandinternetofthingsIoTbypenetratingeducationmedicalcarebusinessentertainmentandsoonIndustrialcompaniesaroundtheworldaresparingnoefforttocollectmuchdatatoobtainmarketconditionscompetitorsandlogisticsinformationforprofitsandhavelongcreatedTB-orevenPB-scaleinformationMeanwhileconsumersareintegratingsocialmediaentertainmentandreal-timepersonalizedservicesonmobiledevicestoconnectwithfriendsandshoponlineAccordingtotheInternationalDataCorporationIDCthereisanexplosivegrowthinglobaldatawhichisestimatedtoreach175zettabytesZBsby2025HoweverthedisparitybetweentheamountofdigitaldataandtheavailablestoragecapacitiesisenlargingMostimportantlydatastorageaccountsfor1%ofglobalelectricityconsumptionandexertenormouspressureonresourcesandenvironmentsHowevernoneofthecurrentmediumiscapabletomeettherequirementsInespecialthecolddatastoragethatisforculturehistoryscientificresearchandtheseimportantbutinfrequentlyuseddataisurgentlycallingforlong-termandhighcapacitymediumThereforewearechallengedwiththearduoustaskofdevelopingnext-generationdatastoragetechnologieswherefemtosecondlaserdirectwritingforeternaldatastorageoffersapracticalsolutionwithlowenergyconsumptionlonglifetimeandhighcapacityWithmultiplexingdegreesoffreedomthistechnology????sachievablelimitcapacitycouldreach360TBdiscFurthermoreacceleratedagingmeasurementsshowthatnanogratinghasunprecedentedlyhighstabilityincludingthermalstabilityupto1000 degrees CandapracticallyunlimitedlifetimeProgressWereviewedtheresearchprogressoffemtosecondlaserdirectwritingforeternaldatastorageAtfirstweintroducetheinteractionbetweenfemtosecondlaserandmaterialsbyreviewingthreetypesofmodificationOnthisbasistheconceptandbasicphysicalmechanismoffemtosecondlaserpermanentopticalstoragewereintroducedThenwereviewedthedevelopmentof3Dopticalstorageand5DopticalstorageaswellasthestructureformationmechanismindetailNextweintroducedthehigh-densitystorageofover100layersandfastdatarecordingataspeedof100kBsviaasinglechannelpotentialMBsviamultichannelAtthefinalbasedonelectronicfieldcontinuityconditionsatthenanoscalewecalculatedthetheoreticalbottleneckandphysicallimitofopticalstoragebyfemtosecondlaserdirectwritingConclusionandProspectFemtosecondlaserdirectwritinginsidehardmaterialsforpermanentopticalstorageprovidesanunexceptionablesolutionforcolddatastoragetomeetthedemandsofbigdataeraHowevertherearestillsomesignificantscientificandtechnicalproblemsthatmustbeaddressedbetweenthelaboratoryandtheindustrialapplicationForinstancevolumesofnanogratingmustbeminimizedandthedotandlayerspacingmustbereducedtoincreasethestoragedensityMoreoverfastwritingwithfewerpulsesandnewdatareadoutalgorithmsforaccurateandfastdatareadoutarerequiredWefirmlybelievethistechnologywillsupporteveryaspectofourlivesandbringhugeeconomicbenefitstosociety in the future
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Key words
photoelectric device processing, femtosecond laser, laser materials processing, laser-matter interactions, optical storage, nanograting
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