Phytochemical Analysis, and Anti-Microbial Activities of Ethanol Extract of Cordia myxa Fruit: In vitro Study

The fruit of Cordia myxa (C. myxa) grown under climatic conditions in Iraq has a great advantage for its sticky mucilaginous pulp, which is consumed to relieve coughs and chest pains, as well as to treat a sore throat, due to its medicinal properties. So that, the present study was undertaken to estimate the bio-active compounds of an ethanol extract of C. myxa fruit, by GC–MS and HPLC analysis, as well as to evaluate their antibacterial activities using agar diffusion test. GC–MS revealed the existence of 19 major compounds in the ethanol extract of C. myxa fruit, furthermore, HPLC analysis revealed that C. myxa fruit extract contains gallic acid, fereulic acid, chlorogenic, Caffeic acid, and Cummaric acid. The extract exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and fungal species (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus brasiliensis). The results indicate that the presence of additional bioactive chemicals can be linked to the considerable antimicrobial activity associated with ethanol extract of C. myxa fruit.