WHO CNS5 2021 classification of gliomas: a practical review and road signs for diagnosing pathologists and proper patho-clinical and neuro-oncological cooperation

The 5th edition of World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours classification has trans -formed the pathological diagnosis of gliomas from purely histological to the multilayered integrated one with molecular biomarkers necessary for proper classification, risk stratification, and prognostic-predictive clinical purposes. Because of deep and important changes in taxonomy and diagnostic approach to gliomas, this manuscript is a review of WHO CNS classification 5th edition with general testing guidance for pathologists and clinicians working in neuro-oncology.