Integrated thermal and routing analysis applied for cold supply chain

A challenge in the distribution of cold chain products is ensuring product quality while minimizing the process costs. This study proposes an integrated method to analyze the route generation and its impact on the temperature variation of refrigerated loads during their physical distribution. Hence, two heuristic methods for route generation are compared (Clarke and Wright and the Nearest Neighbor). Therefore, a simulation tool is proposed for planning routes for the physical distribution of refrigerated products, making the entire logistics process more efficient, reducing the unwanted gain of internal temperature of the vehicle and the product, considering the time windows available, number of vehicles and its available capacity. Five scenarios in total were compared and, as a result, the Clarke and Wright method with temperature restriction proved to be more effective for routing within the imposed temperature limits and aiming at savings of 20% in the number of vehicles and 7% in the distance traveled. Practical applications The proposed model can be used as a tool for the route planners of cold chain products who can choose a shorter route or a route that guarantees the maintenance of the desired temperature, without harming transported products. It can contribute to the quality of the products of cold chain.