Heterogeneous Growth of ZnO Crystal on GaN/Al 2 O 3 Substrate

Hydrothermal (HT) ZnO substrates were usually used as seeds for the vapor growth of ZnO crystals. In this work, ZnO bulk crystals were grown using the relatively low-cost GaN/Al 2 O 3 substrates as seeds by chemical vapor transport (CVT). With the increase of growth time, the dislocation densities in the crystal decreased from about 1×10 6 to 6×10 3 cm −2 . The carrier concentration decreased from 1.24×10 19 to 1.57×10 17 cm −3 , while the carrier mobility increased from 63.8 to 179 cm 2 /(V·s). The optical transmittance in the VISNIR wavelength increased significantly in combination with the decreasing dislocation densities and impurity concentrations. The dislocation lines and related fast diffusion paths gradually decreased and disappeared in the late growth stage, and the crystal qualities were consequently improved. The experimental results show that the properties of as-grown ZnO crystals are comparable with bulk ZnO grown on the HT substrates to some extent. The GaN/Al 2 O 3 seeds may have a potential application value in the industrial production of ZnO single crystals.