Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement: Project, Construction and Operationalization to Enhance Building Energy Efficiency

Anthropogenic and natural actions cause internal and external fractures in concrete. To recover these structures, bio-concretes have been developed with bacteria of the genus Bacillus. These microorganisms consume calcium lactate, synthesize calcium carbonate and biomineralize CaCO3 crystals within the structures of concrete. The aim of the present study was to construct equipment, denominated "Cascade System for Biomineralization in Cement" (CSBC), to determine the limiting velocity of the biomineralization of CaCO3. The construction of the equipment took into consideration chemical and biochemical phenomena responsible for biomineralization. Parts made with 3D printing and a circuit with Arduino UNO R3 board were used in the assembly of the system. The prototype proved to be stable and can be considered a promising tool for future application in research of the regeneration of reinforced concreted in a practical, fast and economical way, especially to the energy sector.