Probing binding processes of HSA adsorbed on rGO-AgNCs surfaces using multispectroscopic techniques

•The NPC formation process was spontaneous.•The rGO/AgNCs slightly altered the α-helix content of HSA.•The static-quenching procedure was the main quenching mechanism.•Thermodynamic parametersfor the NPC formation processes were obtained.•The binding was an enthalpy-driven process, and the main forces were the van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds.