LRP1 in the Vascular Wall

Purposeof the Review Hemostasis plays a central role in maintaining a normal physiological vasculature, especially during and after vascular injury. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a transmembrane protein of the LDL family that exhibits multifunctional characteristics that affect endocytosis, signal transduction, and the formation of synthetic cell phenotypes in the vascular wall. Studies have shown that LRP1 is particularly important in various pathways and processes that contribute to the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Recent Findings LRP1 is pivotal to the pathophysiology of vascular disease that impairs vascular integrity. Recent studies have shown that LRP1 can also act as a coactivator, affecting transcription of other important proteins. Current research uses LRP1-deficient models to specifically study the mechanisms of LRP1 in multiple pathways including vascular cells, helping to guide potential therapeutic targets following vascular injury. Summary This review aims to highlight the broad physiological role that LRP1 plays in vessel integrity, cellular function, and various metabolic and signaling pathways. The review also provides insights into the pathophysiology of vascular diseases, especially those resulting from LRP1 deficiency or dysfunction.