Improving FPGA Based Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement Equipment by Means of HLS Described Neural Networks to Apply Edge AI

The artificial intelligence (AI) application in instruments such as impedance spectroscopy highlights the difficulty to choose an electronic technology that correctly solves the basic performance problems, adaptation to the context, flexibility, precision, autonomy, and speed of design. Present work demonstrates that FPGAs, in conjunction with an optimized high-level synthesis (HLS), allow us to have an efficient connection between the signals sensed by the instrument and the artificial neural network-based AI computing block that will analyze them. State-of-the-art comparisons and experimental results also demonstrate that our designed and developed architectures offer the best compromise between performance, efficiency, and system costs in terms of artificial neural networks implementation. In the present work, computational efficiency above 21 Mps/DSP and power efficiency below 1.24 mW/Mps are achieved. It is important to remark that these results are more relevant because the system can be implemented on a low-cost FPGA.