Limitations and Opportunities of Spatial Planning to Enhance Wildfire Risk Reduction: Evidence from Portugal

Spatial planning potential for reducing natural risks including wildfires is widely recognized. This research is focused on Portugal, a wildfire-prone country in southern Europe, where the competencies for spatial planning lie on four geographical levels: (i) the national and regional levels, with a strategic nature, set the general goals or the agenda of principles for spatial planning and (ii) the inter-municipal and municipal levels use regulative land-use planning instruments. There is a trend to bring together spatial planning and wildfire management policies. Thus, this paper aims to identify which are the main difficulties and which are the major opportunities, regarding the implementation of the new Integrated Management System for Rural Fires (IMSRF) and the challenge of integrating wildfire risk reduction in the Portuguese spatial planning framework. Through a survey of municipal professionals with experience in applying the legislation of both policies, the major difficulties and the opportunities of alignment of these two spheres are identified, which can be extrapolated for the whole country or countries in a similar context.