Analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (espb) in general anesthesia for cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial

Background The analgesic effects of erector spinae plane block in general anesthesia for cesarean section and recovery from puerperae remain unclear. Methods Sixty patients with contraindications for spinal anesthesia who required general anesthesia for cesarean section were enrolled and randomly divided into the erector spinal plane block (ESPB) combined with the general anesthesia group (group E) and general anesthesia group (group G). Group E received bilateral ESPB (20 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine on each side) under ultrasound guidance 30 min before general anesthesia. The primary outcomes were the number of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) boluses, and Bruggemann comfort scale (BCS) scores at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after operation. The second outcome was intraoperative anesthesia dosage, fetal delivery time, puerperae emergence time, visual analog scale (VAS) at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after operation, and incidence of nausea and vomiting. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded 10 min before the start of anesthesia (T0), at the induction of anesthesia (T1), at skin incision (T2), and fetal delivery (T3), and immediately after surgery (T4). Results The number of PCIA boluses was lower in group E than in group G ( P < 0.001). The BCS score increased at 2 h and 6 h after the operation in group E ( P < 0.05), while the VAS score significantly decreased in group E at the same time ( P < 0.05). Compared with group G, the doses of propofol and remifentanil were significantly decreased in group E ( P < 0.001), the emergence time of puerperae was shortened ( P = 0.003), and the incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly decreased ( P = 0.014). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ESPB applied to general anesthesia for a cesarean section can significantly reduce the required dose of general anesthetic drugs, shorten the recovery time of the puerperae, and improve postoperative analgesia. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov under the number ChiCTR2200056337 (04–02-2022).