Longitudinal monitoring of BKPyV miRNA levels in kidney transplant recipients with BKPyV-related pathology reflects viral DNA levels and remain high in viremia patients after clearance of viral DNA.

In this study, we could not demonstrate an additional value of BKPyV miRNA detection compared to BKPyV DNA monitoring in the early phase after kidney transplantation. We did observe significant differences between the viremia and the BKPyVAN groups during follow-up. This study was performed with a small number of patients and therefore results should be verified in a larger patient cohort. Furthermore, future studies with larger patient groups are necessary to elucidate final clinical value of these data.