Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis and Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature and Case Presentation
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA(2022)
Abstract
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) is a rare, usually autoimmune, disease, where surfactant accumulates within alveoli due to decreased clearance, causing dyspnea and hypoxemia. The disease is even more rare in pregnancy; nevertheless, it has been reported in pregnant women and can even appear for the first time during pregnancy as an asthma-like illness. Therefore, awareness is important. Similarly to many autoimmune diseases, it can worsen during pregnancy and postpartum, causing maternal and fetal/neonatal complications. This paper offers a narrative literature review of PAP and pregnancy, while illustrating a case of a pregnant patient with known PAP who developed preeclampsia in the third trimester but had an overall fortunate maternal and neonatal outcome.
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Key words
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis,pulmonary alveolar lipoproteinosis,pregnancy complications,auto-antibodies,maternal-fetal transfer
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