Neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy: 10-year observational study

The aim of the study is to establish the prevalence of neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) in the structure of chronic lung diseases (CLD) and congenital lung malformations (CLM), clinical and instrumental diagnostics of these diseases in patients hospitalized at the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow over the period from 2012 to 2022. Materials and methods. Longitudinal non comparative single-center study of fourteen NEHI patients, diagnosed on the basis of 3 out of 4 signs of childhood CHILD-syndrome and the presence of typical CT signs of diseases, CLD and CLM patients. In all NEHI patients, the prevalence of clinical and instrumental signs was determined according to the scale, which includes 10 signs: onset of signs before the age of 12 months, delayed physical development, absence of drumstick symptom, absence of cough and wheezing (apart from episodes of respiratory infections), chest abnormalities, crackles, hypoxemia, tachypnea, retraction. Results. NEHI is a rare (0.53%) CLD in infants. The clinical scale for the diagnosis of NEHI is of practical importance in the early diagnosis of diseases; its use can reduce the prescription of drugs that are not effective for NEHI.