Effects of Elobixibat in Patients with Diabetes and Concomitant Chronic Constipation: an 8-week, Prospective, Single-center, Single-arm Study

Aims To evaluate the efficacy and safety of elobixibat in patients with diabetes and concomitant chronic constipation. Methods This was a single-center, single-arm study. Thirty-three patients with diabetes and chronic constipation, as defined by the Rome IV criteria, were treated with elobixibat (10 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Patients recorded stool properties, including spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) and stool consistency, according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). Quality of life for constipation was evaluated with the Japanese version of the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (JPAC-QOL). Results Of the 33 eligible patients, 30 completed the study. Elobixibat significantly increased the median (interquartile range) frequency of SBMs per week, from 5.0 (3.0–7.0) at baseline to 6.0 (4.0–7.0] at week 8 ( p = 0.030). After 8 weeks, the BSFS score approached 4; the score for normal stool consistency and the JPAC-QOL score significantly improved from 1.05 ± 0.40 at baseline to 0.94 ± 0.53 ( p = 0.048); and glycated albumin and serum lipid profiles significantly improved. Stratified analysis revealed that SBMs increased especially in patients with low SBM frequency, in particular in women, older adults, patients without overweight, patients with a long duration of constipation, and patients with diabetic neuropathy. No serious adverse events occurred. Conclusions Among patients with diabetes who met the Rome IV criteria for constipation, elobixibat was effective, especially in those with few SBMs at baseline. Improvements in lipid profiles could be an advantage of elobixibat compared with other laxatives. Clinical Trial Registry Japan Registry of Clinical Trials registration number: jRCTs031190092