The prognostic factors of Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor: A retrospective analysis of 67 patients at a single center

To investigate the characteristics and factors that impact the prognosis of Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/pPNET) patients. We retrospectively analyzed ES/pPNET patients diagnosed at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2020. We used 1-way analysis of variance to investigate whether the age differences between different subgroups were statistically significant and used the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model for the survival analysis. Of the 67 included patients, 13 had central nervous system PNET, and 54 had ES/pPNET. The median survival time of the 54 ES/pPNET patients was 18 months; the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 37.0% and 9.3% and 1.9%, respectively; and the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 66.7%, 27.8%, and 7.4%, respectively. The 1-way analysis of variance results showed no statistically significant age difference between the different subgroups (P = .127 between the central nervous system PNET and ES/pPNET groups, P = .764 between different subgroups within the ES/pPNET group). The univariate survival analysis showed that metastasis at diagnosis and the treatment method were independent factors affecting the OS rate of ES/pPNET patient (P = .003 and 0.000, respectively). The multivariate survival analysis also showed that the treatment method and metastasis at diagnosis were related factors affecting OS (P = .025 and 0.001, respectively). The prognosis of patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors is poor. The treatment method and metastasis at the time of diagnosis influences ES/pPNET patient survival time, but there is no significant tumor site-dependent correlation with patient age or sex.