New insight into methamphetamine-associated heart failure revealed by transcriptomic analyses: Circadian rhythm disorder.

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is a significant public health concern globally. Cardiac toxicity is one of the important characteristics of METH, in addition to its effects on the nervous system. However, to date, research on the cardiotoxic injury induced by METH consumption has been insufficient. To systematically analyze the potential molecular mechanism of cardiac toxicity in METH-associated heart failure (HF), a rat model was constructed with a dose of 10 mg/kg of METH consumption. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, and HE staining was used to clarify the myocardial histopathological changes. Integrated analyses, including mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA, was performed to analyze the RNA expression profile and the potential molecular mechanisms involved in METH-associated HF. The results showed that METH caused decreased myocardial contractility, with a decreased percent ejection fraction (%EF). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of the RNAs with expression changes revealed abnormal circadian rhythm regulation in the METH groups, with circadian rhythm-related genes and their downstream effectors expressed differentially, especially the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like (Arntl). Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks associated with circadian rhythm, including Arntl, was also observed. Therefore, this study revealed that long-term METH consumption was associated with the HF in a rat model by decreasing the %EF, and that the abnormal circadian rhythm could provide new directions for investigating the METH-associated HF, and that the differentially expressed genes in this model could provide candidate genes for the identification and assessment of cardiac toxicity in METH-associated HF, which is fundamental for further understanding of the disease.