Behavioral Emergencies in the General Hospital: Role of C-L Psychiatry in Early Management and Prevention

Manganese is a bioelement essential for the proper functioning of the body. Mn2+ is a cofactor for many enzymes, including manganese superoxide dismutase. Together with the enzymes, it participates in cell defense against reactive oxygen species, immune response, and energy production in mitochondria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of manganese added to Biolasol solution on the storage efficiency of isolated pig kidneys.Twenty kidneys from Polish Great White pigs were used in the study. Biolasol solution was modified with the addition of Mn2+ at a concentration of 1 µg/L. Grafts were assigned to 2 groups: A/Biolasol (n = 10) and B/Biolasol + Mn2+ (n = 10). The kidneys were washed with the developed solutions, then stored using the static method for 48h under hypothermia (4°C) and washed again. Markers of normal renal function were analyzed in the collected perfusates—aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), protein, creatinine, urea, and electrolytes.After 48 hours and 30 minutes of renal preservation, activities/concentrations of biochemical parameters in the Biolasol + Mn2+ group increased (ALT: by 33%; AST: by 86%; urea: by 18%; creatinine: 3.25-fold [P < .05]) vs Biolasol. K+ ion concentration was 33% lower in the Biolasol group after 48 hours and 30 minutes (P < .05) vs group B. The presence of manganese in the composition of Biolasol solution influenced the maintenance of optimal Na+ ion concentration.Manganese added to the Biolasol solution formulation at a dose of 1 µg/L showed low efficacy in protecting nephrons. We do not recommend adding manganese to the preservative solution formulation.