Congenital Abnormalities of Kidneys and Urinary Tract in Children at the Dakar University Hospital

Congenital abnormalities of the kidneys and urinary tract (CAKUT) represent all the morphological abnormalities associated with a disorder of the embryonic development of the kidneys and their excretory tract.Its prevalence is underestimated in developing countries compared to developed countries.This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study between January 1st, 2015 and February 28th, 2020, carried out in the pediatric department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital.The prevalence of CAKUT was 8.77% for all pediatric nephrologic pathologies (n = 58), the median age at diagnosis was 77.28 months and the sex ratio was 1.6.The circumstances of the discovery of CAKUT were dominated by urinary tract infection (n = 21), the antenatal diagnosis was poor (n = 13) and confusion between cysts and calyx dilation in antenatal was noted.Ultrasound was the main postnatal imaging test requested.The most common renal abnormality was kidney cysts (n = 18) (cystic kidneys and multicystic dysplastic kidney) and the most common urological abnormality was the posterior urethral valves (n = 8).Kidney failure was a pejorative factor in the evolution of these CAKUT.