Synthesis of micron-sized single-crystalline LiNi 0.65 Co 0.07 Mn 0.28 O 2 cathode material for Li-ion batteries via various calcination additives with large ion radius

In this paper, various calcination additives with large ion radius are selected to assist synthesis of micron-sized single-crystalline LiNi 0.65 Co 0.07 Mn 0.28 O 2 , and their influence on boosting primary particles growth is studied. Scanning electron microscopy is applied to observe the morphologies of single-crystalline samples obtained by different additives. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy etching is conducted to analyze the cation distribution. Density functional theory is performed to calculate the energy for cations entering the material lattice. Furthermore, the single-crystalline samples exhibit improved electrochemical performance compared to the pristine sample without the assistance of additive. This study provides a simple and promising method for industrialization of single-crystalline cathode materials.