Conflicted transitions: Exploring the actors, tactics, and outcomes of social opposition against energy infrastructure

•Systematically explores opposition to a wide range of energy infrastructures across 130 cases.•The politics of energy transitions in carbon-intensive regions varies considerably.•International pressure shapes the arenas for action, the actors involved, and outcomes achieved.•No clear relationships between tactics and outcomes across the regions and cases is found.•Renewable energy and nuclear power are frequently protested across our dataset.