The experiences of people with incomplete spinal cord injury or disease during intensive balance training and the impact of the program: A qualitative study

Study design Qualitative descriptive study. Objectives To gain insight into if and how participation in intensive balance training impacted the daily lives and risk of falling of people living with incomplete spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D), as well as to understand what motivated participation and what benefits and challenges, if any, they experienced while completing training. Setting Tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted three to four months after 20 participants with incomplete SCI/D completed either Perturbation-based Balance Training or Conventional Intensive Balance Training as part of a randomized clinical trial. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using conventional content analysis by two researchers. Codes were discussed for consensus, and subcategories and categories were created, which were confirmed by another two researchers. Results The following categories were identified: 1) goals of balance training, 2) valuable components of balance training, 3) physical gains from balance training, 4) psychosocial gains from participating in balance training, and 5) unique aspects of Perturbation-based Balance Training. Each category consisted of several subcategories. Conclusions Collecting qualitative data facilitated the evaluation of the meaningfulness of the balance training programs to the participants. These findings demonstrate that balance training was perceived as beneficial and enjoyable for individuals with incomplete SCI/D, and that these programs provided challenge and educational opportunities for the participants while improving balance confidence and reducing perceived fall risk. These findings have implications to direct future research studies or implementation of balance training in rehabilitation.