Microbial habitat specificity largely affects microbial co-occurrence patterns and functional profiles in wetland soils

•Microbial habitat specificity and co-occurrence patterns have a coupled relationship.•Communities with more specialists have less complex co-occurrence patterns.•Soil electrical conductivity is most significant in structuring this relationship.•Functional profiles change along with wetland habitat heterogeneity.•Metabolism genes are more abundant in communities with more specialists.