A mixed integer optimization method with double penalties for the complete consumption of renewable energy in distributed energy systems

The flexible distributed energy system is an important strategic choice for all countries to develop the efficient consumption technology of abundant renewable energy. However, renewable energy with the obvious peakvalley, intermittence and randomness characteristics increases the difficulty of coordinately scheduling distributed units. This work proposes a mixed integer optimization model through designing a continuation method for integer decision variables and a constraint strategy with double penalties to ensure that the optimal start-stop states and optimal operating power level of distributed units are accurately configured under the premise of completely consuming renewable energy. A standard paradigm of modeling and operating optimization is further established for complex distributed energy systems to completely consume renewable energy, which is not limited to the system scale and the number of integer decision variables. The analysis results indicate that the proposed model simultaneously ensures the optimal start-stop states and operating power of distributed units. Compared with other methods, the proposed method reduces the switching times of start-stop states by 50% at least and improves the smoothness of operating power by 1.9%, moreover, it reduces the operating cost by 1.26% at least and saves the computing time by 79.2%. The proposed mixed integer optimization method has higher stability and robustness. It provides a reliable technology for the optimal operation of distributed energy systems, the flexible configuration of distributed units, and the complete consumption of high-proportion renewable energy.