Modified multiverse optimizer technique-based two degree of freedom fuzzy PID controller for frequency control of microgrid systems with hydrogen aqua electrolyzer fuel cell unit

This research work proposes a modified multiverse optimizer (MMVO) technique to optimize the parameters of a 2 degree of freedom fuzzy PID (2DOF-FPID) controller for frequency control of microgrid systems. In this study, the model design consists of renewable energy sources like wind power and solar power as well as storage elements like battery energy storage systems and flywheel energy storage system with Hydrogen aqua electrolyzer integrated fuel cell unit. Initially, the performances of the MMVO technique is established over the multiverse optimizer algorithm as well as other techniques like grew wolf optimizer, gravitational search algorithm, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithms in benchmark test functions. In the next stage, a 2 degree of freedom fuzzy PID controller (2DOF-FPID) is proposed with MMVO is applied to optimize the controller parameters. For this study, two test models are considered for minimizing the frequency fluctuations occurring due to the presence of wind and PV sources and 2DOF-FPID controllers are designed by the MMVO technique. To justify the efficacy of the planned controller, the execution of the 2DOF-FPID controller is associated with PI, PID and 2DOF-PID. A sensitivity analysis is performed by changing the system parameters to justify the robustness of the proposed controller.