Reliability updating and parameter inversion of micro-milling

•Considering the size effect of the micro-milling process, a mechanical model including two cutting domains is established.•A-BUS probability analysis method is proposed to predict the actual distribution of parameters in the micro-milling process.•The computational efficiency of the proposed method is verified by experimental analysis and comparison with the MCMC method.•The influence of various parameters on milling force is evaluated by reliability analysis.