An injectable gelatin/sericin hydrogel loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of uterine injury

Abnormal endometrial receptivity is a major cause of the failure of embryo transplantation, which may lead to infertility, adverse pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes. While hormonal treatment has dramatically improved the fertility outcomes in women with endometriosis, a substantial unmet need persists in the treatment. In this study, methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) and methacrylate sericin (SerMA) hydrogel with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC) encapsulation was designed for facilitating endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration through in situ injection. The presented GelMA/10%SerMA hydrogel showed appropriate swelling ratio, good mechanical properties, and degradation stability. In vitro cell experiments showed that the prepared hydrogels had excellent biocompatibility and cell encapsulation ability of HUMSC. Further in vivo experiments demonstrated that GelMA/SerMA@HUMSC hydrogel could increase the thickness of endometrium and improve the endometrial interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, regenerated endometrial tissue was more receptive to transfer embryos. Summary, we believed that GelMA/SerMA@HUMSC hydrogel will hold tremendous promise to repair or regenerate damaged endometrium.