A Hybrid RSS/ToA Based Situational Awareness Technique for Indoor Massive MIMO Wireless System

In wireless communication, massive MIMO tends to be the most advanced technology that gained industrial and academic researchers to solve many issues. Massive MIMO with many antennas at the transmitting side supports more devices at the receiving end as it extends its network by integrating heterogeneous networks. Precisely, higher bandwidth is required for such a massive number of receiving devices. For such architectures, massive MIMO is operated with mm-wave frequencies. Networks operating in higher frequencies suffer from external factors like obstacles, human blockages, etc., leading to signal degradation. A hybrid RSS-ToA technique is proposed to overcome such conditions in the network. The received signal is measured for its signal strength and time of arrival due to obstacles; there is a chance for multipath conditions. An algorithm is proposed based on the received signal strength (RSS) technique to avoid such a scenario. Here, an energy detector is considered, i.e., above 10 dB, where the time of arrival (ToA) technique is used. A maximum likelihood with Bayesian estimation is proposed to classify Line of Sight (LoS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) conditions. The proposed algorithm is analyzed for different antenna configurations, namely 64, 128 & 256 transmitting antennas and four receiving antennas. Simulation results of the proposed technique outperform existing techniques in terms of Accuracy and varying Bandwidth.