Perceiving Sequences and Layouts Through Touch

AbstractAccessing graphical information is a challenge for persons with individuals with blindness and visual impairment (BVI). The primary method for making graphical information more accessible to BVI is to translate visual graphics into tactile graphics (TGs), sometimes called “raised line” graphics. Effective design of tactile graphics demands an in-depth investigation of perceptual foundations of exploration through touch. This work investigates primitives in tactile perception of spatial arrangements (i.e. sequences and layouts). Two experiments using tiles with different tactile shapes were arranged in a row on tabletop or within a 5 × 5 grid board. The goal of the experiments was to determine whether certain positions offered perceptual salience. The results indicate that positional primitives exist (e.g. corners, field edges and first and last positions in sequences), and these reinforce memory of spatial relationships. These inferences can influence effective tactile graphic design as well as design of inclusive and multi-modal interfaces/experiences.