Microbubble-mediated adjunct treatment for cardiovascular bacterial infections
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America(2022)
摘要
Cardiovascular bacterial infections of tissue and indwelling devices are associated with high mortality rates. Infecting bacteria encase themselves in fibrin-based biofilms that hinder the immune system and antibiotics. In this in vitro study, we investigated sonobactericide to treat these biofilms using ultrasound and microbubbles, with and without a thrombolytic agent (rt-PA). Cardiovascular-mimicking biofilms were grown using human plasma inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus from an inner heart infection. Treatment consisted of ultrasound (2 MHz, 400 kPa, 100 cycles, every second for 30 s and 1 s continuous wave) every min for 10 min, either alone or with low-dose rt-PA (158 ng/ml), microbubbles, or rt-PA and microbubbles, and was assessed by time-lapse confocal microscopy. Ultrasound-activated microbubbles bent fibrin strands (≤5.2 μm), which returned to original positions (≤25.6 s), and dislodged bacteria from fibrin encasement. Ultrasound alone did not physically alter biofilms. Oscillating microbubbles with rt-PA present led to fibrin strand bending, with and without recovery and eventual breaking, and faster fibrin degradation liberating bacterial aggregates (322 ± 161 s) than rt-PA alone (518 ± 86 s; excluding ∼45 min from rt-PA exposure until degradation began). These results demonstrate that microbubble-induced effects could aid in the treatment of cardiovascular biofilm infections.
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关键词
cardiovascular bacterial infections,microbubble-mediated
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