Roadway design and construction in infrastructure limited contexts: a risk breakdown structure

The United Nation's sustainable development goals prioritize roadway development, as it is necessary for socio-economic prosperity. Despite rapid growth in the industry, progress has been crippled by budget and schedule overruns. There is often a lack of knowledge regarding risks that could impact project success. A content analysis of published research is performed to construct a preliminary risk identification and analysis framework-in the form of an initial risk breakdown structure (RBS) and codebook. They include 16 subcategories within the following six categories: 'construction & planning', 'economic & financial', 'regulatory & legal', 'equipment, materials, & land', 'site disposition', and 'relations & recruitment'. This study provides researchers and project parties-including owners, contractors, consultants, and financial institutions-with a staffing point to discuss and identify context-specific risks. It also suggests areas for future research.