Metal-Organic Frameworks for Organic Dye AdsorptionsStrategic Design and Interaction Aspects

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the cutting-edge materials that exhibit potential in terms of applicability in multiple areas. In particular, they have occupied a unique place in the field of adsorption as well as separation techniques owing to their compositional and structural diversity, high porosity, tunable pore size, and surface functionality. As observed, the chemical industries are major sources that produce environmental pollutants as these industries employ several toxic organic dyes for their products’ fabrication, leading to the risk of carcinogenic and teratogenic risk to human beings. It is a worldwide problem where dye waste water is the sole cause and in fact, it has been a barrier to the sustainable development of society. Despite the availability of various purification techniques for dye waste water, adsorption is found to be worthwhile because of its economic feasibility, high efficiency, and easy operational procedures. In view of this, a high degree of attention has been given to MOF materials as adsorbents for organic dyes. Besides the strategic design and dye adsorption properties of MOFs, the fundamental understanding of the interactions between MOFs and dyes is summarized and discussed in this chapter.