Uncovering the Therapeutic Potential of Purified Protein Extract From Allium sativum and Ibervillea sonorae Greene as Treatment of Non-infectious and Infectious Diseases.

Abstract Objectives The main objective was to examine the therapeutic effects of purified proteins from Allium sativum (Garlic) and Ibervillea sonorae Greene (Wereke) inhibit human Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) known to play a role in treating chronic diseases. Also, cytotoxic effect on cell model studies to reveal the possibility of repurposing proteins from plants as a source to improve the therapeutic opportunities of chronic diseases. Methods Mass spectrometric validated purified proteins were obtained using the pulverization method. Fluorometric assays were carried out to determine the inhibitory activity of DPP4 and LSD1. In cell-based models, we had evaluated cell proliferation and cytotoxic effect on skeletal muscle cells, kidney cells, and lung cancer cells to reveal the potential of purified proteins. Results The purified proteins (0.005 mg/ml) effect on therapeutic drug targets revealed that Wereke protein extract doesn't inhibit DPP-4, whereas Garlic does inhibit significantly by 70%. Further, prepared proteins are non-toxic to insulin-stimulated skeletal muscles (Figure 1). Indeed, muscle cells adopted a proliferation state, revealing their ability to induce glucose homeostasis of differentiated skeletal muscle cells and anti-diabetic potential. To further demonstrate its anticancer potential on cancer cells, we had evaluated its effect on the lung cancer model. It is observed that both plant extract possesses an anticancer effect (Figure 2), revealing its possibility to repurpose for cancer treatments. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the therapeutic potential of total protein extracts from Garlic and Wereke are not toxic to skeletal muscle cells, induce muscle cell differentiation, induce glucose homeostasis, and as well possess the potential to be anticancer activity. Therefore, the proposed protein extracts in this study must be considered for further developing plants as future opportunistic therapy to control non-infectious and infectious diseases. Indeed, plant proteins can be given as supplements to improve existing treatment outcomes of aging and chronic diseases. Funding Sources All authors wish to express their gratitude to Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN) and CONACYT for providing financial support for the present study.