Transgenerational effects of parental crude oil exposure on the morphology of adult Fundulus grandis

•Swimming fitness and two-dimensional landmark-based geometric morphometrics with multivariate generalized linear modeling were used to identify the transgenerational effects of crude oil exposure in adult gulf killifish.•Statistical models demonstrate that paternal (F0) oiling rather than maternal (F0) oiling explains more of the variance in fish shape, including effects such as reduced body length and altered body depth and aberrant spinal curvature and altered angles of head projection relative to the body axis.•Anatomical effects persisted in progeny for at least two generations despite progeny being raised continuously in clean water.•The aerobic swimming performance of progeny derived from oiled fathers was also impaired for at least two generations.