Impact of angiotensin-1 converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion (i/d) polymorphism on diabetes mellitus susceptibility among azerbaijan population

The association between the angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and the risk of diabetes mellitus developing in the Azerbaijan population is not studied yet. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association of ACE I/D gene polymorphism and the risk of developing diabetes in Azerbaijan population. A total of 200 individual consisting of 100 control subjects and 100 patients with diabetes mellitus (28 patients I type DM (11 male and 17 female); 72 patients II type DM (21 male and 51 female)) were recruited. DNA was extracted from the blood samples. Genotyping of ACE I/D gene polymorphism done by PCR and mistyping of the II and DD genotypes was conducted with an insertion/deletion‑specific primer. The genotyping frequency for the II, ID and DD polymorphism of the ACE gene ID=63, DD=36, II=1 in case subjects. The genotyping frequency for the II, ID and DD polymorphism of the ACE gene in control group: ID=49, DD=26, II=25. The frequency for the D allele is 67.5 and the frequency of I allele is 32.5 in case group. The frequency for the D allele is 50.5 and the frequency of I allele is 49.5 in control group. The dominant and recessive models revealed alleles on separate groups and at the population level: DD:DR=13.6; ID:IR=15; ID:DD=0.35; DD:ID= 2.97; DR: IR=3.26; IR:DR=0.3. Based on the results, D allele showed significant association with risk of disease. This finding revealed the association of I/D polymorphism with risk of diabetes. However, further studies with larger sample size are necessary to confirm the association of the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and diabetes mellitus in Azerbaijan population.