Epidemiology, Reported Injury Characteristics of Brain Trauma: Evidences Collected from a Level-One-Trauma Center in Zahedan City, Iran

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the damage to brain tissue and disruption of the brain function caused by an external mechanical force as evidenced by documented medical records. Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of TBI through age-groups, severity, and mechanism of TBI. Methods: This cross-sectional study contained all TBI patients who were admitted at the main level one trauma center hospital located in southeastern Iran. Results: The number of reported patients was 445 young and old adults with TBI. In total, the mean age of the patients was 32.35 ranging from 17 to >80 years. Of the studied patients 361 (81.1%) were male and 84 (18.9%) were women. The most common principal severity of TBI among patients aged 20–29 years was moderate. This corresponds with the age groups that are known to be at higher risk for three levels of TBI. Car accident multiple trauma and head trauma show severity of TBI in both genders. Conclusion: The research findings determined the lack of ignoring the traffic control system in southeastern Iran that was the main cause of the injury; consequently, the focus of all essentials in traffic management should be considered for this problem. It must be noted that the incidence of TBI is necessary as there remains no cure for mild-to-severe TBI. As the evidence for effectiveness and specific treatment is limited, it must be subjected to demanding research.