Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background:The effect and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have not been investigated in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with diabetes.We evaluated the impact of SGLT2i in a multicenter cohort of diabetic KTRs.Methods: A total of 2,083 KTRs with diabetes were enrolled from six transplant centers in Korea.Among them, 226 patients (10.8%) prescribed with SGLT2i for more than 90 days.The primary outcome was a composite outcome of all-cause mortality, death-censored graft failure, and serum creatinine doubling.An acute dip in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 10% was surveyed after SGLT2i use.Results: During the mean follow-up of 62.9±42.2months, the SGLT2i group had a lower risk of primary composite outcome than the control group in the multivariate and propensity score-matched models (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.94;P=0.031 and aHR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.24-0.89;P=0.022, respectively).Multivariate analyses consistently showed a decreased risk of serum creatinine doubling in the SGLT2i group.The overall eGFR remained stable without the initial dip after SGLT2i use.A minority of the SGLT2i users (15.6%) showed acute eGFR dip during the first month, but the eGFR recovered thereafter.The risk factors for the eGFR dip were time from transplantation to SGLT2i usage and mean tacrolimus trough level.Conclusions: SGLT2i improved a composite of all-cause mortality, death-censored graft failure, or serum creatinine doubling in KTRs.SGLT2i can be used safely and have beneficial effects on preserving graft function in diabetic KTRs.