A review of hybrid energy storage systems in renewable energy applications

The use of Renewable Energy (RE) for onsite energy generation has recently increased. This is more commonly seen with the standalone system, as compared to grid connected. However, due to the unreliable nature of the Renewable Energy Sources (RES’S), various energy storage systems are available to balance the demand and supply gap. Nevertheless, hybrid energy storage systems are mostly recommended to accommodate the different characteristics, such as power density and reaction time, that accompany each specific storage. This work reviewed the available literature published on renewable energy-based hybrid storage systems for electric microgrids, applied to both standalone and grid connected systems in residential, commercial, and industrial use. Furthermore, various strategies and algorithms used for the optimal control and energy management of renewable energy-based hybrid storage systems are explored. Available gaps in the available literature and scope for future research related to energy management and control of renewable energy-based hybrid storage systems have as well been identified.