Drills in the PCIT Child-Directed Interaction Phase: A Compilation with Recommendations for Appropriate Use

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), an evidence-based parent-training treatment, is unique from many other parent-training programs in that it utilizes coaching (i.e., in-vivo support) and feedback to enhance targeted parenting skills. One important skill-building technique in PCIT is a “drill” (within-session skill practice for a brief, focused time). Although the PCIT protocol states that drill exercises should be used starting in the fourth coaching session, limited guidance is present – leaving specifics and implementation to therapist discretion. This paper compiles drills used by PCIT therapists and trainers to provide practitioners with a variety of drill options and suggestions for utilization. We include a description of each drill, examples of clinical situations for which each drill may be appropriate, and recommendations for introducing a drill in session, with discussion regarding the importance of using culturally-sensitive language. Case vignettes are included to illustrate recommendations outlined within the paper and the application of specific drills.