On the issue of the presence of VEGF and eNOS gene polymorphisms in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Purpose. To analyze the polymorphism of the regulatory regions VEGFand eNOS genes polymorphism and their combinations in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without non-proliferative DR. Material and methods. The study included 200 patients with type 2 diabetes 111 patients with type 2 diabetes without signs of DR and 89 patients with non-proliferative DR. The polymorphism of the regulatory regions of VEGF(rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS(rs2070744) genes was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and Real-Time PCR by TaqMan probes. Statistical: used by StatSoft Statistica 10.0, SPSS Statistics 23 and the original programs for volumetric processing of bioinformatics. Results. The polymorphism of the regulatory regions of VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and Real-Time PCR by TaqMan. Results: The VEGF-2578heterozygosity and two complex genotypes: VEGF-2578 CA:VEGF+936CC and NOS3-786CT:VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC significantly decreased in patients with DR. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that the genetic polymorphism of the regulatory regions of the genes analyzed by us can be attributed to risk factors for the development of DR in patients with DM2. A comprehensive analysis of variants of polymorphic gene loci can be used to predict the development of DR. Keywords: non-proliferative retinopathy, VEGF polymorphism, eNOS polymorphism, complex genotypes.