A Review on Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques: Advances, Researches and Applicability

The field of NDT is a very broad, interdisciplinary field that plays a critical role in evaluating the structural component and systems perform their function in a reliable manner. A review is presented of Non-Destructive testing methods for evaluating material characteristics, deformation in the materials without destroying the material. These testing methods are very important in determining and identifying the discontinuity and defects found on a material and parts of an object. There have been various NDT methods built upon different principles for Quality Assurance during the whole lifecycle of the product. Methods like Visual Inspection, Radiographic method, Optical techniques, Wave-based methods, etc. are used to analyze the defects on material and part of it. The Non-Destructive testing method has been widely used in different fields like in manufacturing, medical devices, packaging, marine industries, waste management, etc., but especially used in oil and gas industries, aircraft, and nuclear power plants. This paper reviews these NDT techniques and compares them in terms of intrinsic characteristics and their applications.