Do prepubertal hormones, 2D:4D index and psychosocial context jointly explain 11-year-old preadolescents’ involvement in bullying?

•Preadolescents’ involvement in bullying situations was predicted by both psychosocial and hormonal factors.•Higher stress in the family context related to both victim and bully propensity in girls.•Poorer school environment was related to victimization frequency in boys.•In boys, lower cortisol levels, worse school environment and less peers and social support were associated to being a bully.